This experience can be difficult to describe verbally, but it is often intense and pleasurable. The most curious type of experience, however, is the feeling of being moved, which we think is the basis of our fascination with sad music. For others, sad music brings about feelings of melancholia, the kind of sentiment you might have on a rainy day after your favorite team lost. These experiences are far from pleasurable and therefore do not offer an explanation for the paradox. Aerobic exercise interventions may be useful for preventing age-related hippocampal deterioration and maintaining neuronal health.From the GGSC to your bookshelf: 30 science-backed tools for well-being.īut what about sad music? Surely nobody would like it unless the emotion experienced is not actual sadness but some kind of transformed version of it? Based on large surveys of what people experience while listening to sad music, we know that these experiences typically fall into different categories.įor some, sad music actually deepens and amplifies the feelings of sorrow and loss-emotions that are connected to personal events and memories. These results provide meta-analytic evidence for exercise-induced volumetric retention in the left hippocampus. Post-hoc analyses indicated effects were driven through exercise preventing the volumetric decreases which occur over time. However, aerobic exercise had significant positive effects on left hippocampal volume in comparison to control conditions.

A random-effects meta-analysis showed no significant effect of aerobic exercise on total hippocampal volume across the 737 participants. A systematic search identified 4398 articles, of which 14 were eligible for inclusion in the primary analysis. We also sought to establish how volume changes differed in relation to unilateral measures of left/right hippocampal volume, and across the lifespan.

We undertook a systematic review to identify all controlled trials examining the effect of aerobic exercise on the hippocampal volumes in humans, and applied meta-analytic techniques to determine if aerobic exercise resulted in volumetric increases. However, the evidence from human studies is equivocal. Hippocampal volume increase in response to aerobic exercise has been consistently observed in animal models.

Why the people like aerobick